189 countries pledged to act to curb the temperature increase within 2℃ by the end of the 21st century. As of February 2021, numerous countries had pledged carbon neutrality deadlines (mainly between 2035 and 2060).

The industrial sector is the largest consumer of energy. According to data from the United Nations Industrial Development Organization, in developing countries and countries with economies in transition, the growth rate of industrial energy use will be 1.8–3.1% per year, with 50% of energy to be supplied to industrial systems. At the same time, the contradiction between economic development and limited energy supply has become increasingly prominent. Therefore, how to manage the energy demand of manufacturing enterprises and improve their energy efficiency is very important for achieving regional and global reductions in greenhouse gas emissions and reducing corporate energy intensity. Studies to date have pointed out that technology can indeed improve energy efficiency and reduce energy consumption, but current industrial energy efficiency is far below the best technically feasible levels.

With the huge demand from the applications of smart cities and cloud computing, the data volume will continue to grow, which exacerbates data center energy consumption. According to forecasts, the energy consumption of data centers will increase by dozens of times in the future.

Meanwhile, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology requires that the PUE data centers will basically reach the international advanced level by 2022. In this way, if the annual growth rate of power consumption of data centers reach a peak of 17% in 2020, the growth rate will gradually decrease to 12% in 2025.

Therefore, it is assumed that the compound annual growth rate of power consumption of data centers will reach a peak of 17% in 2020, and then the growth rate will gradually decrease to 12% in 2025.